Penitential Station, Cruach Na Cara, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Holy Sites & Wells
On St Macdara's Island, a small and seldom-visited place off the Connemara coast, five separate penitential stations are clustered around an early medieval church and oratory.
These are leachta, a term for low stone cairns or platforms used as focal points for prayer, circumambulation, and penance in the Irish early Christian tradition. What makes this group unusual is not just its number but its variety: the five stations take entirely different physical forms, from a D-shaped stone pile with a central upright limestone slab, to a flat expanse of natural granite bedrock scattered with hollows and rounded boulders, to a circular spread of mixed granite, limestone, and a single piece of quartz. One station to the east of the church was traditionally called the Saint's Bed, a name that suggests a long devotional memory attached to the place.
The most striking of the group, recorded some twenty metres north-east of the oratory, was described by the antiquarian F. J. Bigger in 1896 as a flat-topped drystone altar bearing several spherical stones he identified as praying stones or cursing stones, along with an upright cross slab. Cursing stones, known in Irish as clocha breaca or by various local names, were smooth rounded stones kept at certain sacred sites and turned or rolled as part of ritualised imprecation directed against an enemy. By the time of Bigger's visit, the altar was already a ruin in part; today only the rectangular stone foundations survive, though two of the cursing stones remain visible, and a holed stone nearby corresponds to what Bigger, drawing also on James Hardiman's 1846 account, called a hollowed stone or socket. The cross slab now stands a few metres to the south-south-east of its original position. A fourth station, about fifteen metres south of the oratory, was a circular scatter of boulders roughly seven and a half metres across; Bigger noted several cross fragments there in 1896, but none of these have survived.