Pit, Ballymoyle, Co. Wicklow

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Settlement Sites

Pit, Ballymoyle, Co. Wicklow

A single fragment of pottery and seventy-eight worked pieces of flint or stone do not sound like much, but when they surface from a pit dug into a Wicklow field during roadworks, they can shift the picture of who was living in a landscape four thousand years ago.

That is roughly what happened at Ballymoyle, where excavation along the N11 road improvement scheme produced quiet but genuine evidence of human activity at one of the more consequential moments in Irish prehistory.

The finds were recovered by archaeologist Yvonne Whitty during excavations carried out as part of the N11 scheme. Two pits were identified at the site. One of them yielded a single sherd of Beaker pottery alongside seventy-eight lithic pieces, meaning fragments of worked stone, the kind of cutting, scraping, and striking debris that accumulates wherever people are making or using tools. The pit was interpreted as a refuse pit, the ancient equivalent of a rubbish deposit, which is precisely why such finds survive: things were thrown in and covered over. The second pit showed signs that may connect it to burnt mound activity, a recurring feature of Bronze Age Ireland in which large quantities of fire-cracked stone are associated with water-heating, likely for cooking or bathing. The Beaker sherd is the detail that gives the site its broader significance. Beaker pottery, so called for the distinctive drinking-vessel shape of the ceramics, is associated with a period of cultural and demographic change across Atlantic Europe, roughly spanning the late Neolithic and the opening centuries of the Bronze Age. Its appearance in a pit at Ballymoyle places this otherwise unremarkable patch of County Wicklow within a much wider story of movement, exchange, and transition across prehistoric Europe.

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