Rathousteen, Donegal, Co. Tipperary South
On a broad, flat-topped hill above 400 feet in the pastoral landscape of Rathousteen, South Tipperary, lies an intriguing earthwork that defies typical medieval defensive placement.
Rathousteen, Donegal, Co. Tipperary South
This rectangular enclosure, measuring approximately 30 metres north to south and 34.5 metres east to west, sits on gently sloping ground with a hedgerow running along its eastern edge and a field boundary to the south. Whilst its hilltop position might seem unusual for a moated site, which were typically built in low-lying areas for water retention, the monument displays all the characteristic features of such medieval fortifications.
The earthwork consists of a low, broad bank that defines the rectangular area, with the most pronounced section on the eastern side rising over a metre above the surrounding ground. The southern side preserves the clearest evidence of the original defensive design, featuring a flat-bottomed external fosse, or ditch, approximately 2.2 metres wide with a counterscarp bank beyond it. Considerable stone is visible along the crest of the southern bank, suggesting the possible remains of a wall or revetment. The northern bank has been reduced over time, whilst the southeast corner shows significant damage from cattle erosion and deliberate digging that has created a large depression measuring 8 by 10.5 metres.
Today, the interior contains a modern ring-feeder in the northwest quadrant, and trees have colonised the outer face of the southern bank. The southeast angle has been flattened, and no clearly defined entrance survives, though this may have been lost when the banks were denuded on the north side and southeast corner. Despite these alterations, the monument remains a substantial earthwork that speaks to medieval settlement patterns in this part of Tipperary, compiled and recorded by Jean Farrelly in August 2011.





