Ringfort (Cashel), Creevagh, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Cashel), Creevagh, Co. Clare

Most ringforts across Ireland present as a single enclosure, a circular wall thrown up around a farmstead or small settlement during the early medieval period.

The cashel at Creevagh, in the limestone uplands of the Burren in County Clare, does something more unusual: it doubles. Two D-shaped stone enclosures, each roughly the size of a large farmyard, are joined back to back along a shared straight wall, producing a figure-of-eight ground plan that is immediately distinctive. Sitting on a slight rise in rough pasture, the monument commands wide views to the south, west, and north, though higher ground closes things off to the north-east and east.

The northern cashel, around 33.5 metres across, is entered from the north through a gap 1.7 metres wide, reached by a long sunken approach way, roughly 30 metres in length and sunk up to 1.5 metres below the surrounding ground. Two hut sites survive inside the northern enclosure, pressed against the inner face of the wall, and a collapsed triangular stone spread in the south-west corner may be the remains of a third. Most striking of all, the north-east sector of the interior contains a wedge tomb, a type of megalithic burial monument dating to the Early Bronze Age, millennia older than the cashel walls that now surround it. This is almost certainly not coincidence. As discussed by Comber in 2008, this is one of several Burren cashels that appear to have been deliberately built to enclose or incorporate an existing prehistoric ritual structure, a pattern also observed at Caherconnell and at sites in Ballyganner North and Lissylisheen. Whether the builders were marking ancestral territory, drawing on the perceived power of an ancient monument, or simply working within a landscape already dense with meaning is something the stones do not resolve. The southern cashel, around 28 metres across, preserves some well-faced outer walling along its south-east and southern arc. Grass-covered walls radiate outward from the perimeter in four directions, and traces of a possible outer concentric enclosure are visible in satellite imagery. The monument was recorded on both the 1842 and 1920 editions of the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps, and a ground plan was published by the antiquary Thomas Johnson Westropp as early as 1905.

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