Ringfort (Cashel), Killeenan, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Ringforts
In the townland of Killeenan in County Clare, there sits a cashel, a type of ringfort built from dry-stone walling rather than earthen banks.
Where the more common earthwork ringforts were thrown up from ditched soil and turf, a cashel required the patient stacking of local stone, and the result tends to endure differently in the landscape, its walls sometimes still legible as low circular ridges centuries after the people who built them have gone. That this one carries the designation cashel in its name suggests a structure once substantial enough to be recognised as distinct from its earthen cousins, a small enclosed farmstead of early medieval Ireland, the kind that sheltered a family, their livestock, and whatever modest claim to status the enclosure itself implied.
Beyond its classification and its location in Killeenan, the documentary record for this particular cashel is currently thin. Clare is a county with a remarkable density of such monuments, shaped in part by the limestone-rich terrain of the Burren to the north, where stone was the obvious building material for any settled community from the early medieval period onward. Ringforts in general, whether earthen or stone-built, date predominantly from roughly the sixth to the twelfth centuries, functioning as the basic unit of rural settlement across Gaelic Ireland. That so many survive in Clare, even in fragmentary form, reflects both the durability of stone construction and the relatively low intensity of later agricultural disturbance in parts of the county.