Ringfort, Coolbreedeen, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort, Coolbreedeen, Co. Limerick

A field boundary running along the south-western edge of a County Limerick pasture turns out to be, in part, a great deal older than it looks.

What appears to be a routine division between two parcels of agricultural land is actually the surviving remnant of an Early Medieval ringfort, absorbed over centuries into the working geometry of the farm around it. The rest of the monument has fared somewhat differently, disappearing beneath a thicket of trees and scrub woodland rather than being levelled or ploughed away.

A ringfort, to give a brief explanation, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, typically used as a farmstead or place of refuge during the Early Medieval period in Ireland, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. Thousands survive across the country, though many are only legible from the air or through historical mapping. This example at Coolbreedeen, with a diameter of approximately 36 metres, sits in flat pastureland above the Killeenagarriff River, around 3.5 kilometres to the west of a related enclosure recorded 650 metres to the north-west. Its existence was confirmed through two key historical sources: the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1840, which marks it as a circular enclosure, and the more detailed OS 25-inch map of 1897, which provided the basis for its formal description. Both editions of the map capture a monument that was already being quietly swallowed by its surroundings. More recent satellite imagery, including Digital Globe orthophotos from 2011 to 2013 and a Google Earth image dated 28 June 2018, shows the dense tree cover that now conceals much of the earthwork.

The site sits on private agricultural land and is not formally accessible to visitors. The dense scrub that obscures the monument on the ground makes any physical appreciation of its form extremely difficult without specialist knowledge of what to look for. The most useful way to examine it remains through the historical Ordnance Survey maps held on the OSi website, where the circular plan reads with reasonable clarity. Anyone with an interest in the landscape of this part of Limerick will find that the surrounding flat pasture, positioned above a river valley, is itself telling; this kind of low-lying but slightly elevated ground was a favoured location for exactly this type of Early Medieval enclosure.

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