Ringfort (Rath), Ballymorisheen, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
There is nothing to see at Ballymorisheen, and that absence is precisely what makes it worth knowing about.
Somewhere beneath the pasture of mid Cork, or scattered through it, lies what was once a rath, a type of circular earthen enclosure used in early medieval Ireland as a farmstead or dwelling, typically defined by one or more raised banks and an internal ditch. At Ballymorisheen, the rath measured approximately 35 metres in diameter, and it was substantial enough to have been mapped consistently across three successive Ordnance Survey editions, in 1842, 1904, and 1938. Each time the surveyors came, the hachured circle was still there to record. By the late 1930s, something else had also been recorded: a limekiln, a stone structure used for burning limestone to produce agricultural lime, built into the southern bank of the enclosure itself. That detail speaks to the long, practical afterlife of these ancient earthworks, repurposed and gradually absorbed into the working rhythms of the farms that surrounded them.
Sometime around the 1940s, according to the landowner, the rath was levelled. A large mound of earth was dumped into the area of the western bank, and whatever contours had survived centuries of agricultural pressure were finally erased. The site now leaves no visible trace on the surface. What had endured from early medieval Ireland, and had been recorded dutifully by nineteenth and twentieth century cartographers, did not survive the era of post-war land improvement. The pattern is not unusual across Ireland, where hundreds of ringforts were cleared during the mid-twentieth century as mechanised farming made earthwork removal far easier than it had ever been before. What is striking at Ballymorisheen is the precision of the documentary record, three maps spanning nearly a century, all confirming the enclosure in place, followed by its quiet disappearance between surveys.
