Ringfort (Rath), Ballynash, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
On a north-facing slope in County Limerick, a ringfort has been reduced to almost nothing, and yet it has not quite disappeared.
What was once a clearly defined circular enclosure, recorded on the 1923 Ordnance Survey six-inch map as an embanked ring roughly thirty metres across, has since been levelled, its form largely erased by agricultural activity and the steady pressure of field boundaries. To the untrained eye, this is simply pasture. But look more carefully, and the land still holds a memory of what stood here.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths when defined by earthen banks rather than stone, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically enclosing a farmstead and its associated structures within one or more circular banks and ditches. The example at Ballynash is of the bivallate type, meaning it had two concentric enclosing banks, a feature sometimes associated with higher-status households. Compiled by Denis Power and uploaded to the record in August 2011, the survey notes that an arc of those two banks remains visible from the north around to the south-east. The inner bank survives to just ten centimetres in height on both its interior and exterior faces; the outer bank is slightly more substantial, reaching thirty centimetres on its inner face. The two banks are separated by a distance of five metres, measured from top to top. The enclosing elements have been cut through by later field boundaries on the south-east to north arc, which accounts for much of what has been lost. The interior of the former enclosure slopes gently westward and now lies under marshy pasture.
This is not a site with a visitor car park or an interpretive panel. It sits in working farmland, and access would require both local knowledge and the landowner's permission. The low banks are most legible in low winter or early spring light, when vegetation is at its thinnest and shadows fall at a shallow angle across the ground, making subtle earthworks more readable. Anyone visiting with a serious interest would do well to cross-reference the 1923 OS six-inch map beforehand, since that historical layer shows the full circular form that the ground can no longer deliver on its own.