Ringfort (Rath), Baunnaraha, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Ringforts
On a hilltop in Baunnaraha, at nearly 700 feet above sea level, what was once a defended circular enclosure has been so thoroughly absorbed into the working landscape that its boundaries now double as a field boundary and its northern edge is cut through by a public road.
The rath, a type of ringfort consisting of an earthen bank and external ditch known as a fosse, once enclosed a flattened natural summit roughly 50 paces across. That combination, a hilltop position and a levelled interior, suggests deliberate choice on the part of whoever established the settlement, likely in the early medieval period when raths were the most common form of rural farmstead across Ireland.
The site was already being recorded in 1839, when it appeared on the first Ordnance Survey six-inch map, and again on the 1900 revision, by which point it had presumably been in slow decline for some time. In October 1972, an inspector visited ahead of Land Project works, the mid-twentieth-century Irish government scheme that reorganised and improved agricultural land, and left a detailed description of what remained. The fosse was largely hidden under dense scrub, principally furze, though the bank on the southern side was still legible enough to sketch in section. More intriguing was a depression in the western half of the interior, running about 15 paces east to west and roughly 3 feet deep, which the inspector suggested might represent the collapsed remains of a souterrain. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage, often associated with early medieval ringforts and used variously for storage, refuge, or both. If the identification was correct, this one had already been wrecked before anyone thought to record it properly. Since that 1972 inspection, the monument has been largely levelled, though a stretch of the north-east to south-east bank and fosse may survive in the form of the existing field boundary along the eastern edge.
