Ringfort (Rath), Caherlevoy, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
A dry-stone wall that begins with purpose and then simply stops, a gap of twelve metres where any entrance or barrier has long since disappeared, and a stretch of bank that fades quietly into the grass before the wall picks up again and runs all the way down to a riverbank: this ringfort in Caherlevoy, County Limerick, survives in a state of productive incompleteness.
What remains is enough to read the shape of the thing, but not so much that it becomes obvious.
Ringforts, known variously as raths or cahers depending on whether their enclosures are earthen or built in dry stone, were the dominant form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. They served as enclosed farmsteads, the bank and wall combination providing a boundary that kept livestock in and wolves or rival neighbours out. This particular example sits atop a low hill in pasture, with the ground falling away steeply to the south towards the Caher River, roughly fifty metres distant. The enclosed area is approximately circular, about fifty metres across, and the surviving structure is a mixture of both traditions: an arc of dry-stone walling, standing to around 0.8 metres in height and 0.5 metres thick, runs along a low earthen bank on the northern and eastern sides. Where the bank fades out to the south-east, the wall continues independently, eventually turning due south and running all the way to the river's edge. The north-western portion of the enclosure has no visible walling or bank remaining, though a sharp break in the ground slope suggests where the boundary once ran. The site was recorded and compiled by Denis Power, with notes uploaded in August 2011.
The fort sits alongside a farm passage that skirts the site from south-south-east to west-north-west, which means the general outline is approachable on foot, though this is agricultural land and the usual courtesies apply. The interior, now under pasture, slopes gently southward, and the most legible section of the structure is the dry-stone arc on the northern and eastern edges. The dramatic drop to the Caher River on the southern side gives a clear sense of why this particular hill was chosen, commanding the ground above the water without sitting directly on the flood plain. The gap in the walling on the east-north-east to south-east arc is wide enough that it may represent an original entrance, though no definitive evidence for this survives.