Ringfort (Rath), Carrowcanada, Co. Mayo

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Ringfort (Rath), Carrowcanada, Co. Mayo

At the highest point of a ridge in Carrowcanada, a grassy circular earthwork sits with a commanding view over the low, wet pastures of County Mayo, the N5 road cutting through the slope just twenty metres to its north-west.

What makes this rath, a type of early medieval enclosed farmstead typically formed by one or more earthen banks, quietly compelling is not its isolation but its opposite: three further raths lie within 270 metres, suggesting this ridge once supported a cluster of enclosed settlements, each occupying its own vantage point over the surrounding land.

The enclosure measures roughly 33 metres east to west and just over 30 metres north to south, defined by an earthen scarp that varies considerably in its surviving height. On the south-south-west side it rises to around 2.4 metres, aided by the natural fall of the ground, while to the east and south-east it has been worn down to little more than 0.75 metres. A low, eroded section on the east-south-east edge may preserve the line of an original entrance. More revealing is the north-north-east to east face of the scarp, where the earthwork has been cut vertical and remnants of stone facing are visible. This alteration appears to date from a relatively recent period when the rath was incorporated into a field boundary system, a modification visible on the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps of both 1837 and 1919, though those boundaries have since been removed. The interior rises gently towards its centre, where a small cairn of stones supports a flat slab serving as an Ordnance Survey trigonometrical station. Beneath or near that same central point, both the 1837 and 1919 maps mark a feature labelled simply 'Cave', which corresponds to a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber associated with early medieval settlement, typically used for storage or as a place of refuge.

The rath is grass-covered today, with gorse and hawthorn growing along its perimeter and animal burrows cutting through the scarp and interior. The proximity of the N5 makes the site straightforward to locate, though it sits in working pasture and the earthwork itself is best appreciated by walking its circumference to observe how much the scarp height and character change from one side to the other.

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Pete F
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