Ringfort (Rath), Dromore, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Dromore, Co. Mayo

On a gentle east-facing slope outside Dromore, a low earthen ring sits in the middle of ordinary pasture, easy to walk past without quite registering what it is.

The enclosure measures roughly fifty metres from north to south and forty-six from east to west, its bank still rising about a metre above the surrounding ground. That a section to the east has been partly levelled, whether by ploughing, cattle, or simple centuries of pressure, only makes the surviving circuit feel more provisional, more quietly insistent about its own continued presence.

This is a rath, the commonest monument type in the Irish landscape. Raths are earthen ringforts, enclosed farmsteads built and occupied mostly during the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries, when a prosperous farming family would surround their home and livestock with a circular bank and ditch as a combination of practical defence and social statement. What makes this example at Dromore a little more complicated is a detail on top of the surviving bank: the remains of what may be a cashel wall. A cashel is the dry-stone equivalent of a rath, an enclosure built from unmortared stone rather than earth and turf, and finding traces of one sitting on top of an earthen bank suggests either a later reinforcement of an older structure or the convergence of two distinct building traditions at a single site. It is cautiously described as a possible cashel wall, which is honest, since the distinction between deliberate stonework and fieldstone cleared and piled over generations can be difficult to settle.

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Pete F
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