Ringfort (Rath), Duckstown, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
A working farm in County Limerick has quietly absorbed a piece of early medieval Ireland into its daily routine.
The ringfort at Duckstown sits immediately south of a farmyard, and while such monuments are common enough across the Irish countryside, few are quite so thoroughly enrolled into agricultural life. A modern causeway crosses the outer fosse to allow farm machinery into the interior, the counterscarp bank has been folded into the surrounding field boundary system, and silage bales occupy the southern end of the enclosure. The place is still recognisably ancient, but it has not been left alone.
A ringfort, or rath, is a roughly circular enclosed settlement, typically dating from the early medieval period, defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches. They were the farmsteads and homesteads of early Irish society, and many thousands survive across the country in varying states of preservation. The Duckstown example is a substantial one. Compiled by Denis Power and recorded in 2011, the survey describes a circular area measuring 38.5 metres north to south and 39 metres east to west. The defining feature is a scarped edge rising to 3.1 metres in height and some 6 metres wide, with an external fosse, a ditch surrounding the outer face of the bank, running 3 metres across. Beyond that sits a counterscarp bank of earth and stone, still standing to around 0.85 metres on its inner face. The scarp is best preserved to the north-east, though vegetation has obscured the line from the north-east around to the south-east.
The site sits on a break in a north-facing hill slope, which gives it a certain topographic logic; such positions were commonly chosen for the natural drainage and visibility they offered. Visitors approaching on foot will find the north-eastern arc the most legible section of the monument, where the scarped edge reads most clearly against the slope. The southern and south-eastern portions, where the bank merges into the field system and the interior gives way to farm storage, require more imagination to read. The hay shed constructed at the base of the scarp to the north-north-west and the machine causeway to the west-south-west are recent additions, but the underlying geometry of the enclosure remains intact beneath the everyday business of the farm.