Ringfort (Rath), Grange Lower, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
A ringfort that has spent the better part of a century quietly disappearing into a flat Limerick field is, by most measures, easy to miss.
By 2018 and 2019, aerial photography from Google Earth showed the outline of the enclosure barely registering against the surrounding grassland, a ghostly smudge where an early medieval farmstead once stood within a substantial circular bank and ditch. That it can still be traced at all is partly a matter of good documentation and partly the persistence of earthworks that, even when heavily reduced, leave their mark on the land.
A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, was typically a circular enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, used as a farmstead during the early medieval period in Ireland, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. This one in Grange Lower sits in flat grassland approximately 120 metres south-west of the townland boundary with Grange Upper, and just 10 metres east of a railway line. When the Ordnance Survey mapped the area at six-inch scale in 1840, the monument appeared as a circular enclosure with an internal diameter of roughly 35 metres and an external diameter of around 53 metres. Post-1700 field boundaries were already radiating outward from the north and south of the monument by that point, suggesting the surrounding landscape had long since been reorganised around it. By the time the 25-inch OS map was produced in 1897, the record was more detailed: a bank, an external ditch, and a causewayed entrance approximately 6 metres wide at the south-west. Aerial photography from 2011 to 2013 still showed a circular scarp with an outer fosse, the fosse being the ditch running around the outside of the bank, though a post-1700 field boundary had cut across the south-west quadrant.
For anyone visiting the area, the site lies in working agricultural land close to a railway line, and access would require appropriate permissions from the landowner. The feature is most likely to be readable on the ground in low winter light or after rain, when slight changes in relief and drainage patterns become more apparent. Comparing the 1840 and 1897 OS maps against a modern aerial view gives a clearer sense of what has been lost incrementally over the decades, each generation of field management shaving a little more from the bank. The record compiled by Fiona Rooney and Martin Fitzpatrick, uploaded in June 2020, is now among the more useful guides to what remains.
