Ringfort (Rath), Newtown, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Ringforts
A low earthwork sitting in open grassland in County Kilkenny might not immediately announce itself as anything out of the ordinary, but this particular enclosure carries within its modest contours the faint outlines of a former household, bisected by a field boundary that has been there since at least the first Ordnance Survey mapping of the 1830s.
It was first formally identified from an aerial photograph taken in 1973, at which point its roughly circular shape became legible from above in a way that can be difficult to read at ground level.
Ringforts, sometimes called raths, are among the most common early medieval monument types in Ireland, typically dating from roughly the sixth to the tenth century. They functioned as enclosed farmsteads, with the surrounding bank and ditch offering a degree of protection for a family and their livestock rather than any serious military defence. This example measures approximately fifty metres east to west and forty-two metres north to south on the interior, enclosed by a broad, low bank and an external fosse, which is the term for the shallow ditch that typically runs around the outside of such enclosures. A causeway roughly three metres long carries an entrance on the south-south-east side across that fosse. Inside, two low platforms survive. The larger, a rectangular feature in the northern portion of the interior, may represent a house site. A smaller circular platform sits just north of the field boundary that cuts across the enclosure. That boundary appears on the first edition Ordnance Survey map made between 1839 and 1840, and was still recorded on the 1945 to 1946 revision, meaning the interior of the fort has been divided by agricultural use for at least a century and a half. The fosse on the north-east side has at some point been recut and repurposed as a field drain, and more recently a farm trackway appears to have been laid around much of the outer edge of the enclosure. The monument endures, but the landscape has quietly worked its way around and through it for generations.
