Ringfort (Rath), Stonepark, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Stonepark, Co. Mayo

On the eastern slope of a ridge in Stonepark, a pair of concentric earthen banks marks out a roughly circular enclosure that has been sitting quietly in pasture for well over a thousand years.

This is a rath, the most common form of ringfort found across Ireland, typically dating from the early medieval period and used as a farmstead or place of domestic settlement rather than a purely defensive structure. What makes this example worth pausing over is the detail that survives: two distinct banks separated by a fosse, the ditch between them running to a depth of 1.7 metres, with the outer bank still standing at 1.7 metres high and the inner at 1.2 metres.

The site measures roughly 35 metres north to south and 39 metres east to west, placing it comfortably within the range typical of single-farmstead raths. The outer bank carries an entrance on the east-northeast side, 4.1 metres wide, approached by a causeway crossing the fosse. The inner bank shows signs of additional clearance stone having been incorporated into it at some point, suggesting the enclosure continued to serve a practical purpose in the agricultural landscape long after its original inhabitants were gone. A stone field fence now runs around the perimeter of the site, folding it neatly into the working farmland that surrounds it. The description of the site was compiled by D. Lavelle as part of an archaeological survey of the Ballinrobe district, including the Lough Mask and Lough Carra area, published in 1994.

The site is largely overgrown, which is not unusual for earthwork enclosures of this kind. The vegetation that has colonised the banks can actually help preserve the underlying earthworks by stabilising the soil, even as it makes the structure harder to read at a glance. The causewayed entrance on the east-northeast, however, gives a clear sense of how the original occupants oriented themselves within the landscape of the ridge.

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Pete F
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