Shrine, Cooly, Co. Donegal
On excellent sloping land overlooking Lough Foyle in County Donegal sits an early ecclesiastical site that tradition claims was founded by St. Patrick himself.
Shrine, Cooly, Co. Donegal
The sub-rectangular graveyard contains a fascinating collection of medieval structures and earlier features that tell the story of centuries of religious use. Just outside the western entrance stands a tall, plain ringed high cross, whilst inside the graveyard walls you’ll find the remains of two churches, one of which served as the medieval parish church, and a remarkable mortuary house known locally as the ‘Skull House’.
The Skull House is a particularly intriguing structure, built from rubble masonry and measuring just 2.6 by 1.8 metres externally. This small gabled building features a stone roof with a corbelled interior that rises to a central capstone, reaching a height of 2 metres at the gable. A tiny window, measuring 38 by 12 centimetres with slightly splayed ingoings, pierces the eastern wall, whilst the western gable contains an equally diminutive lintelled doorway, just 37 centimetres square. Such mortuary houses or tomb shrines are relatively rare survivors from medieval Ireland and were likely used to house relics or possibly the bones of the site’s founder or other important religious figures.
Scattered around the site are several other notable features that speak to its long religious significance. East of the mortuary house sits a small basin stone, possibly a bullaun stone used for grinding or holding holy water, whilst to the northwest there’s a small cross-inscribed stone. Within the South Church, archaeologists discovered a fragment of a cross-slab decorated with a wheeled cross, adding another layer to the site’s rich collection of early Christian stonework. Together, these elements create a remarkably complete picture of an early Irish ecclesiastical site that continued in use through the medieval period and beyond.
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Lacy, B. with Cody, E., Cotter, C., Cuppage, J., Dunne, N., Hurley, V., O’Rahilly, C., Walsh, P. and Ó Nualláin, S. 1983 Archaeological Survey of County Donegal. A description of the field antiquities of the County from the Mesolithic Period to the 17th century A.D. Lifford. Donegal County Council.
Leslie, J. 1937 Derry clergy and parishes. Enniskillen.
Gwynn, A. and Hadcock, R.N. 1970 (Reprint 1988) Medieval religious houses of Ireland. Dublin. Irish Academic Press.
Waterman, D.M. 1960 An Early Christian mortuary house at Saul, County Down. Ulster Journal of Archaeology Ser. 3, 23, 82-8.





