Ringfort (Rath), Derreen, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Derreen, Co. Clare

A modern field wall cuts straight across the northern half of this ancient earthwork in Derreen, County Clare, bisecting it with the casual indifference of agricultural convenience.

It is a small collision of timescales that says something about how these monuments survive, or partly survive, in the Irish countryside.

The site is a bivallate rath, meaning a ringfort enclosed by two concentric earthen banks rather than one. Raths were the most common type of early medieval settlement in Ireland, typically enclosing a farmstead and its associated buildings, and a double-banked example suggests either elevated social status or a particular concern for defence. This one is subcircular in plan, measuring roughly 49.5 metres east to west, with an oval interior platform of around 18 by 15 metres. That platform is defined on its northern and western sides by a low scarp, and separated from the outer bank by a fosse, a defensive ditch, around five metres wide and one metre deep. Beyond the fosse lies a berm, a flat shelf of ground roughly nine metres wide, which aerial photography confirms once ran all the way around the monument. The site sits on a south-facing slope of improved damp pasture, about 80 metres northwest of a stream, and was already recorded on the six-inch Ordnance Survey maps of 1916. The interior today is levelled and flat, with no surface features surviving, though cultivation ridges are still faintly visible within it, evidence that the enclosed ground was at some point put to agricultural use long after anyone had lived there.

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