Ringfort (Rath), Caheraderry, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Caheraderry, Co. Clare

Most ringforts in Ireland announce themselves with some drama, a raised bank, a clear ditch, a commanding hilltop view.

The one at Caheraderry, in County Clare, is more reticent. It sits on a south-facing slope near the top of a gentle rise, yet is overlooked by higher ground to the north and north-west, which gives it a quietly sheltered rather than dominant character. Its earthen bank stands only about fifteen centimetres above the surrounding pasture and spreads two and a half to three metres in width, meaning a person could walk across it without quite realising they had. The interior, oval in plan and measuring roughly twenty-four and a half metres north to south by twenty-nine metres east to west, is dished inward and filled with rushes, the kind of soft wet hollow that forms when the ground within an enclosure has been worked and lived on for generations.

A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, was typically a farmstead of the early medieval period, the bank and any accompanying ditch serving as a boundary and a modest defensive barrier for a family, their livestock, and their structures. What makes the Caheraderry example worth pausing over is the cartographic record. It was already marked on the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps of 1840, and when the surveyors returned for the 1916 edition, they recorded it as a bivallate enclosure, meaning one with two concentric banks or ditches rather than a single circuit. That second element appears to have diminished considerably since, leaving what is now visible as essentially a single, very low bank. A possible entrance survives at the south-east, the most common orientation for ringfort openings, which tended to face the rising sun and away from prevailing Atlantic weather. The stream running about thirty-five metres to the north would have been a practical asset for any early settlement here.

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