Ringfort (Rath), Croom, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
Behind a row of modern houses on the outskirts of Croom, in a patch of flat County Limerick pasture that most drivers pass without a second glance, sits an early medieval enclosure that has quietly outlasted everything built around it.
What makes its situation slightly odd is the company it keeps: within 125 metres to the south-southwest lies another ringfort, and 100 metres to the south a possible ditch-barrow, a circular burial mound defined by a surrounding ditch. This small cluster of ancient monuments, pressed up against the back gardens of Church Road, suggests the area carried some significance long before the town of Croom took shape around it.
A ringfort, to use the broadest description, was a circular enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, and used as a defended homestead for a family and their livestock. When the Office of Public Works inspected this example in 1957, they found it in reasonable condition: a level circular raised area with an internal diameter of roughly 32 metres, enclosed by a bank some 4.5 metres wide and standing about 1.5 metres high on its outer face. Surrounding that bank is a fosse, the term for the external ditch, also 4.5 metres wide and dropping to 1.5 metres deep on its inner side. An entrance causeway roughly 9 metres wide breaks the fosse on the eastern side, which is the direction from which most Irish ringforts were entered, possibly for reasons connected to sunrise or prevailing custom. The site had already been recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1840 as an embanked fort, and by the 1897 twenty-five-inch edition it was marked as an enclosure with an external diameter of around 50 metres, the fosse clearly visible to the surveyors.
By the time aerial orthoimages were taken in 2005 and again between 2011 and 2013, the interior and surrounding area had become densely covered in scrub vegetation, and later images from 2009 and 2018 confirm it remained heavily tree-covered. Access is not formalised; the site sits on private agricultural land to the rear of the houses along the R516, Church Road, on the eastern edge of Croom. Those with an interest in early medieval earthworks and a good eye for OS maps will find it easier to locate by cross-referencing the townland boundary with Carrigeen, roughly 500 metres to the west-southwest. The vegetation makes reading the earthworks on the ground a matter of patience, but the entrance causeway on the east side remains the clearest feature to orient yourself by.