Ringfort (Rath), Moneyveen, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Ringforts
Sitting on a gentle rise in the rolling grassland of Moneyveen, this circular earthwork is the kind of thing you could easily mistake for a natural feature of the landscape, a slight swelling of ground that resolves, on closer inspection, into something deliberately made.
It is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead typically dating from the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries, when thousands of such structures were built across Ireland as the basic unit of rural settlement. This one measures about 27 metres in diameter and is defined by two concentric earthen banks with a fosse, a defensive ditch, running between them.
The earthworks have survived in fair condition, though not uniformly. The fosse and outer bank are visible only on the eastern and south-western sides, where the ground has preserved them well enough to read the original form. What makes this particular site a little more interesting than the average field monument is what appears in the south-western quadrant of the interior: a rectangular hollow, its long axis oriented roughly north-east to south-west, which has been identified as a possible souterrain. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage or chamber, usually associated with early medieval ringforts, and thought to have served for storage, refuge, or both. The identification here is tentative, the word "possible" doing real work, but the hollow is distinct enough to suggest something was once constructed beneath the surface.