Barrow (Ditch barrow), Elton, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Barrows
A single field in County Limerick contains what may be one of the largest concentrations of prehistoric burial monuments in Ireland, and almost none of it is visible to the naked eye.
The Elton barrow cemetery, recorded within one field near the townland boundary with Knocklong West, comprises up to 28 barrows, ancient earthen or ditched mounds raised over the dead, typically during the Bronze Age. Walk across that field today and you would notice little beyond wet pasture on a low ridge. The monuments are there nonetheless, betrayed only by subtle variations in soil and crop growth that instruments and aircraft can detect where the human eye cannot.
The scale of the cemetery only became clear through systematic survey work carried out by the Discovery Programme, the state-funded body established to advance the archaeological investigation of Ireland. A topographic survey of the field identified sixteen barrows with sufficient clarity to map on the ground. A subsequent magnetometry survey, which measures variations in the magnetic properties of buried soil to locate disturbed ground and ancient features, pushed that number to twenty-two. The full tally of 28 was recorded by researcher Doody in 1999. This particular barrow, designated Site No. 27 in the Discovery Programme's aerial photographic survey of the Bruff area, shows as a faint cropmark on a Digital Globe orthoimage taken sometime between 2011 and 2013. A cropmark appears when buried features affect the growth of surface vegetation above them, producing slight differences in colour or height that register in aerial photographs but remain imperceptible at ground level. No surface trace is visible on Google Earth imagery.
The site sits roughly 140 metres west of a watercourse that forms the boundary between Elton and Knocklong West townlands, a useful landmark when trying to orient yourself in an otherwise unremarkable stretch of farmland. Because this is working agricultural land in private ownership, access is not guaranteed and visitors should not assume they can enter the field. The ground is described as wet pasture, so appropriate footwear matters if access is ever arranged. The most rewarding way to engage with the Elton cemetery as a whole is through the Discovery Programme's published topographic survey and Digital Terrain Model, which reveal the full extent of the monument complex far more legibly than anything visible on the surface.