Enclosure, Cill Torróg, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Cill Torróg, Co. Galway

At Cill Torróg in County Galway, a circular enclosure roughly 38 metres across once occupied a south-south-east-facing slope in what is now ordinary farmland.

Enclosures of this kind, often called ring forts or raths, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of an earthen bank and ditch enclosing a homestead. This one has almost entirely disappeared. What survives today are faint traces of a bank running from the eastern arc through the south and round to the west, just enough to hint at what the full circuit might have looked like before centuries of agriculture quietly levelled it.

The enclosure was still visible enough to be recorded on the third edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, published in 1934, which suggests it had not yet been fully absorbed into the surrounding fields by that point. Since then, the traces have become fainter still. A house stands approximately 100 metres to the north, a reminder that this kind of marginal, half-erased archaeology tends to survive precisely in the spaces between later settlement and cultivation, rather than underneath it. The place name Cill Torróg is itself of some interest: cill in Irish typically refers to a church or ecclesiastical enclosure, raising the possibility, unprovable on present evidence, that the site had some religious association in the early medieval period before it became purely agricultural land.

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