Enclosure, Rathclare, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Enclosures
Beneath a field in Rathclare, north County Cork, the outline of a circular enclosure survives not as stone or earthwork but as a pattern in growing crops.
The site is known only from an aerial photograph taken in July 1989, in which the cropmark of a fosse, the encircling ditch that once defined the boundary of the enclosure, traces a rough circle roughly 25 metres in diameter. Cropmarks of this kind appear when buried ditches or banks alter soil moisture and nutrient levels unevenly, causing the vegetation above them to grow at a different rate or colour from the surrounding field. Seen from the air at the right moment in a dry summer, these variations in growth can resolve into shapes that have been invisible at ground level for centuries.
The enclosure itself has been substantially levelled, leaving no obvious surface trace. Linear cropmarks elsewhere in the same field may represent old field boundaries, also long since flattened into the agricultural landscape. A second enclosure lies approximately 240 metres to the south-east, suggesting that this part of north Cork was once a more densely organised landscape than its current appearance would suggest. Circular enclosures of this general type are common throughout Ireland, and while their dates and functions vary considerably, many are associated with early medieval settlement, the fosse serving to define a farmstead or place of some local significance.