Ringfort (Rath), Garryrickin, Co. Kilkenny

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Garryrickin, Co. Kilkenny

A ringfort sitting inside a country estate is not so unusual in Ireland; what is quietly striking about this one near Garryrickin House in County Kilkenny is how completely the landscape has grown around and into it.

Trees have colonised both the interior and the perimeter, so that what was once an open enclosure for early medieval life now exists inside a wood, absorbed into the demesne of a later era entirely.

A rath, as this type of earthwork is also known, is a roughly circular enclosure of early medieval date, typically built to protect a farmstead and its occupants. They were constructed from earth rather than stone, the spoil from a ditch thrown inward or outward to form a raised bank. This example sits on a slight south-facing slope at the south-western edge of a wood within the Garryrickin House demesne. It measures about 28 metres across internally on its north-west to south-east axis, and retains a reasonably legible profile: a bank roughly 3 metres wide and rising about 1.5 metres above the interior, a flat-bottomed external fosse 4 metres wide and 1.5 metres deep, and an outer bank 4 metres wide. That outer bank survives along the south-south-west to east-south-east arc, indicating this was a bivallate rath, meaning it had two concentric earthen ramparts rather than the single bank more commonly seen. The additional defensive ring would have marked out the enclosure as a settlement of some status. Gaps in the main bank at the north-west and south-east are likely to indicate original entrance points, though later disturbance cannot be ruled out.

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