Ringfort (Rath), Lisduane, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
What makes this particular earthwork quietly arresting is not the ringfort itself, but its neighbour.
Just five metres to the east sits a second, near-identical enclosure, the two of them occupying the same south-facing slope in Lisduane as though placed in deliberate conversation with one another. Paired ringforts are not unheard of in Ireland, but they are far from routine, and the proximity here is close enough that whoever built and used these enclosures must have had some relationship with the people across the low ground between them.
A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically dating from somewhere between the fifth and twelfth centuries. The form is straightforward: a circular area defined by an earthen bank and, often, an outer ditch. At Lisduane, the main enclosure measures roughly 35.9 metres north to south and 34.7 metres east to west, making it a fairly typical example in terms of scale. The defining edge takes the form of a scarped bank, meaning the earth has been cut and shaped rather than simply piled, rising to about 1.9 metres in height and running to over six metres in width at its base. Outside it lies a fosse, the formal term for a ditch, here just under half a metre deep and a little over three metres wide. The entrance survives on the south-south-west side, where a gap of 2.5 metres in the scarp is matched by a causeway crossing the fosse. The interior is generally level, rising only gradually as it approaches the perimeter bank. The record was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded in August 2011.
The site sits in pasture, which means livestock graze across both the interior and the surrounding earthworks. The grass cover actually helps preserve the underlying features, keeping the profile of the bank and fosse legible as you walk the perimeter. The entrance causeway on the south-south-west is the clearest single feature to look for, and once you find it, the circuit of the scarp becomes easy to follow. The companion enclosure to the east is close enough to be seen from within the main fort, separated by only a narrow strip of ground, and comparing the two side by side gives a sense of how consistent, and how considered, these early medieval farmsteads could be in their layout.