Enclosure, Wallstown, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Wallstown, Co. Cork

A circular enclosure near Wallstown in north Cork exists, for most practical purposes, only as a shadow.

It has never been excavated, never been formally visited as a monument in any conventional sense; it appeared briefly in the summer of 1989 as a cropmark seen from the air, and that is very nearly the extent of what is known about it.

Cropmarks form when buried features alter how plants grow above them. A filled-in fosse, which is the ditch that typically surrounds a ringfort or similar enclosed settlement, retains moisture differently from the surrounding soil, and during dry spells that difference shows up in the colour and height of crops or grass at the surface. Aerial photography has revealed hundreds of such features across Ireland that are otherwise invisible at ground level. In this case, a photograph taken in July 1989 as part of a systematic aerial survey captured a roughly circular fosse with a diameter of approximately thirty metres, with what appears to be an entrance facing east. That eastward orientation is fairly consistent with ringfort tradition, where entrances commonly faced the sunrise, though without excavation it is impossible to say with certainty what period this enclosure dates to or what purpose it served. A diameter of thirty metres would be modest even by ringfort standards, placing it at the smaller end of a category that ranges considerably in size and function.

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