Carrigeen Fort, Raheendonore, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Ringforts
Between the first Ordnance Survey map of 1839 and a satellite image taken on a July afternoon in 2018, a ringfort in County Kilkenny quietly disappeared.
What the nineteenth-century surveyors recorded as an oval enclosure roughly 55 metres north to south and 44 metres east to west, set in rough pasture with furze, is now reclaimed agricultural land. The fort survives only as a ghost, a cropmark pressed faintly into the grass, legible from above but gone at ground level.
When a field inspector visited in 1989, the monument was still physically present, if reduced. The interior measured approximately 35 metres by 30 metres, enclosed by a sequence of earthworks typical of a multivallate ringfort: an inner bank roughly four metres wide and up to one and a half metres high, then a fosse (a defensive ditch) six metres wide and 1.2 metres deep, and beyond that an outer bank five metres wide and two metres high. There were also traces of a stone structure within the interior. That combination of double banks, intervening ditch, and internal stonework would have made this a relatively substantial example of its type. Ringforts, built mainly in the early medieval period, were farmstead enclosures rather than military fortifications in any modern sense, though the earthworks at Carrigeen suggest a holding of some status. At some point between that 1989 inspection and the present day, the banks and fosse were levelled, the monument absorbed into the surrounding pasture. A 1971 aerial photograph had already captured it intact; by 2018, satellite imagery showed only the cropmark of the fosse tracing a subrectangular outline in the soil, with straight southern and western sides, curving angles, and a gentler curve along the north-east to south-east arc. A townland boundary, still running north-west to south-east along the north-east perimeter, is one of the few indicators that something deliberate was once here.